GINA 2025 highlights personalized asthma care via the Assess–Adjust–Review cycle. Diagnosis is supported by clinical evaluation, spirometry/PEF, and biomarkers. ICS-formoterol is preferred for control and relief, with stepwise escalation.

ACG 2025 UC guideline advises diagnosis via ileocolonoscopy with biopsy, exclusion of infection, and extent-based classification. Severity is guided by PROs, biomarkers, and endoscopy. Treatment targets steroid-free remission with stepwise care.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was associated with elevated risk of degenerative valvular heart disease. Of 4.93 lakh participants tracked for 13.7 years, RA was linked to a 69% higher risk of aortic regurgitation, a 64% higher risk of aortic stenosis, and a 54% higher risk of mitral regurgitation compared to those without RA. Women with RA showed greater vulnerability to aortic stenosis & mitral regurgitation.

A systolic blood pressure (SBP) target of <130 mmHg in hypertensive adults aged ≥75 cuts cardiovascular events and death, a meta-analysis showed. Intensive SBP control reduced composite cardiovascular events by 39% (RR 0.61), all-cause death by 28% (RR 0.72), and cardiovascular mortality by 45% (RR 0.55), without raising serious adverse events. Stroke risk remained similar between intensive and less intensive groups.

The NHANES data unveiled a robust non-linear association between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and occurrence of COPD. Among 10,273 individuals, those with higher SIRI had nearly double the odds of COPD (OR 1.96). The association was stronger in adults over 65, males and individuals with high blood pressure. Elevated SIRI may aid clinicians in flagging patients at higher risk of COPD.

A massive analysis of 48 million participants found a 41% elevated risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus in individuals post-COVID-19 infection compared to uninfected individuals (RR 1.41). The risk was most pronounced for type 2 diabetes mellitus, in adults & patients who experienced severe COVID-19 illness. Monitoring blood glucose in post-COVID patients may enable early detection and management of hyperglycemia.